User:MtBotany/sandkasten
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Ranunculales |
| Family: | Ranunculaceae |
| Genus: | Aquilegia |
| Species: | A. coerulea
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| Binomial name | |
| Aquilegia coerulea | |
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List
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Description[edit]
Aquilegia coerulea is a herbaceous plant with flowering stems that may be 15–80 centimeters (6–31 in) when fully grown.[2] Its leaves are on stems that are always shorter than the flowering stems, just 9–37 cm (4–15 in) and are compound leaves that usually have three leaflets on three components (biternate), but occasionally may be simpler with just three leaflets (trifoliate) or more complex (tripinnate).[3] Each leaflet is quite thin, smooth and hairless on the upper side (glabrous), and green. They may either be glabrous or covered in fine, minute hairs on the underside of the leaf (pubescent) and have three lobes.[4][5] Leaflets most often range in size from 13–42 mm (1⁄2–1+5⁄8 in), but occasionally may be as long as 61 mm (2+3⁄8 in).[3]
The flowers are large and showy with a diameter of as much as 15 centimeters (6 in),[4] but more often about 5–8 cm (2–3 in).[6] They are so striking that the botanists E. O. Wooton and Paul C. Standley enthusiastically wrote of them in their 1915 Flora of New Mexico,[4]
"This is the State flower of Colorado and no other State has one so beautiful. Few indeed are the flowers of the Rockies that can compare with this in beauty. The great blossoms, sometimes six inches in diameter, look like bits of fallen sky, and when the plants cover acres of meadow, as they sometimes do, no words can be found to do them justice."[7]
The five petals have very long spurs [8]
Taxonomy[edit]
The first scientific description of Aquilegia coerulea was by the American scientist Edwin James in 1822.[1] Though Aquilegia coerulea was the original spelling by James, it has often been spelled as Aquilegia caerulea as this is more correct Latin. However, the rules of taxonomic nomenclature generally prefer the original spelling and this is the name adopted by the Board of International Botanic Nomenclature. James found the first specimen he collected in a thicket of scrub oak near what is today Palmer Lake, Colorado while on the Stephen H. Long Expedition of 1820.[9]
Names[edit]
The genus name, Aquilegia, is frequently and wrongly said to mean "eagle-like". The author Bill Casselman strongly asserts the name derives from the Latin adjective "aquilegus" with the meaning "drawing water".[10] Other writers speculate that it may derive from "Dove" for a resemblance of five doves drinking at a fountain.[9] The species name, coerulea, is also Latin meaning "sky-blue" or "dark-blue".[10]
Two of the most frequently used common names in English are "Colorado columbine" and "Colorado blue columbine".[5][9] However, the species is also called "Rocky Mountain columbine" for its wider natural range.[11]
Reflist[edit]
- ^ a b "Aquilegia coerulea E.James". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ Heil, Kenneth D.; O'Kane, Jr., Steve L.; Reeves, Linda Mary; Clifford, Arnold (2013). Flora of the Four Corners Region : Vascular Plants of the San Juan River Drainage, Arizona, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. St. Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. pp. 881–882. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ a b Whittemore, Alan T. (6 November 2020). "Aquilegia coerulea - FNA". Flora of North America. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ a b c Nold, Robert (2003). Columbines : Aquilegia, Paraquilegia, and Semiaquilegia. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. pp. 76–79. ISBN 978-0-88192-588-3. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ a b Duft, Joseph F.; Moseley, Robert K. (1989). Alpine Wildflowers of the Rocky Mountains. Missoula, Montana: Mountain Press. p. 68. ISBN 978-0-87842-238-8. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ Barker, Joan (2013). The Ultimate Guide to Wild Flowers of North America. Bath, England: Parragon. p. 237. ISBN 978-1-4723-1011-8. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ Wooton, Elmer Ottis; Standley, Paul Carpenter (1915). Flora of New Mexico. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution. pp. 248–249. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ Shaw, Richard J. (2004). Wildflowers of Grand Teton and Yellowstone National Parks : including the greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (revised ed.). Helena, Montana: Wheelwright Press. p. 14. ISBN 978-0-9702067-2-5. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ a b c Dodson, Carolyn; Dunmire, William W. (2007). Mountain Wildflowers of the Southern Rockies : Revealing Their Natural History. Albuquerque, New Mexico: University of New Mexico Press. pp. 6–7. ISBN 978-0-8263-4244-7. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ a b Casselman, Bill (1997). Canadian Garden Words : The Origin of Flower, Tree, and Plant Names, both wild and domestic, entertainingly derived from their sources in the Ancient Toungues together with Fancy Botanical Names & Why You Shall Never Again Be Afraid To Use Them! (1st ed.). Toronto, Canada: Little, Brown (Canada). pp. 147–148. ISBN 978-0-316-13343-2. Retrieved 8 June 2024.
- ^ Busco, Janice; Morin, Nancy R. (2010). Native Plants for High-elevation Western Gardens. Golden, Colorado: Fulcrum. pp. 50–51. ISBN 978-1-55591-740-1. Retrieved 8 June 2024.