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Argentine presidents[edit]

Presidents (1861–present)[edit]

Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Election Term of office Political
party
(Coalition) 		Vice President
Took office Left office Time in office
Bartolomé Mitre
(1821–1906)
[1][2][3][4] 		— 12 December 1861[a] 12 October 1862 304 days Liberal Vacant
1862 12 October 1862 12 October 1868 6 years Liberal
Nacionalist 		Marcos Paz
Vacant
Domingo Faustino Sarmiento
(1811–1888)
[4] 		1868 12 October 1868 12 October 1874 6 years — Adolfo Alsina
Nicolás Avellaneda
(1837–1885)
[4] 		1874 12 October 1874 12 October 1880 6 years National
↓
PAN 		Mariano Acosta
Julio Argentino Roca
(1843–1914)
[5] 		1880 12 October 1880 12 October 1886 6 years PAN Francisco Bernabé Madero
Miguel Ángel Juárez Celman
(1844–1909)
[6] 		1886 12 October 1886 6 August 1890[b] 3 years, 298 days PAN Carlos Pellegrini
Carlos Pellegrini
(1846–1906)
[6] 		6 August 1890[c] 12 October 1892 2 years, 67 days PAN Vacant
Luis Sáenz Peña
(1822–1907)
[7] 		1892 12 October 1892 22 January 1895[b] 2 years, 102 days PAN José Evaristo Uriburu
José Evaristo Uriburu
(1831–1914)
[7] 		22 January 1895[d] 12 October 1898 3 years, 263 days PAN Vacant
Julio Argentino Roca
(1843–1914)
[8] 		1898 12 October 1898 12 October 1904 6 years PAN Norberto Quirno Costa
Manuel Quintana
(1835–1906)
[9] 		1904 12 October 1904 12 March 1906[e] 1 year, 151 days PAN José Figueroa Alcorta
José Figueroa Alcorta
(1860–1931)
[9] 		25 January 1906[f] 12 March 1906 0 days PAN Himself
12 March 1906[c] 12 October 1910 4 years, 214 days Vacant
Roque Sáenz Peña
(1851–1914)
[10] 		1910 12 October 1910 9 August 1914[e] 3 years, 301 days PAN
Modernist 		Victorino de la Plaza
Victorino de la Plaza
(1840–1919)
[10] 		9 August 1914[c] 12 October 1916 2 years, 64 days PAN Vacant
Hipólito Yrigoyen
(1852–1933)
[11] 		1916 12 October 1916 12 October 1922 6 years UCR Pelagio Luna
Vacant
Marcelo Torcuato de Alvear
(1868–1942)
[11] 		1922 12 October 1922 12 October 1928 6 years UCR Elpidio González
Hipólito Yrigoyen
(1852–1933)
[12] 		1928 12 October 1928 6 September 1930[g] 1 year, 329 days UCR Enrique Martínez
Enrique Martínez
(1887–1938) 		— 5 September 1930[h] 6 September 1930[g] 1 day UCR Himself
José Félix Uriburu
(1868–1932)
[13] 		— 6 September 1930 20 February 1932 1 year, 172 days Military Enrique Santamarina
Vacant
Agustín Pedro Justo
(1876–1943)
[14]
[15] 		1931 20 February 1932 20 February 1938 6 years UCR
(Concordancia) 		Julio Argentino Pascual Roca
Roberto Marcelino Ortiz
(1886–1942)
[16]
[17] 		1937 20 February 1938 27 June 1942[b] 4 years, 127 days UCR-A
(Concordancia) 		Ramón Castillo
Ramón Castillo
(1873–1944)
[16] 		3 July 1940[h] 27 June 1942 1 year, 359 days PDN
(Concordancia) 		Himself
27 June 1942 4 June 1943[i] 342 days Vacant
Arturo Rawson
(1885–1952)
[18]
[16] 		— 4 June 1943 7 June 1943[j] 3 days Military
Pedro Pablo Ramírez
(1884–1962)
[16] 		— 7 June 1943 9 March 1944[b] 1 year, 276 days Military Sabá Sueyro
Edelmiro Julián Farrell
Edelmiro Julián Farrell
(1887–1980)
[16] 		— 25 February 1944 9 March 1944 13 days Military Himself
9 March 1944 4 June 1946 2 years, 87 days Vacant
Juan Perón
Juan Pistarini
Juan Perón
(1895–1974)
[19] 		1946 4 June 1946 19 September 1955[k] 9 years, 107 days Labour
(UCR-JR)
(Independent) 		Hortensio Quijano
Vacant
1951 Peronist
Alberto Teisaire
Vacant
Eduardo Lonardi
(1896–1956)
[20] 		— 20 September 1955[l] 23 September 1955 3 days Military
23 September 1955 13 November 1955[j] 51 days Isaac Rojas
Pedro Eugenio Aramburu
(1903–1970)
[20] 		— 13 November 1955 1 May 1958 2 years, 169 days Military
Arturo Frondizi
(1908–1995)
[21] 		1958 1 May 1958 29 March 1962[j] 3 years, 332 days UCRI Alejandro Gómez
Vacant
José María Guido[m]
(1910–1975)
[22]
[21] 		— 29 March 1962 12 October 1963 1 year, 197 days UCRI
Arturo Umberto Illia
(1900–1983)
[23] 		1963 12 October 1963 28 June 1966[n] 2 years, 259 days UCRP Carlos Humberto Perette
Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces[o] — 28 June 1966 29 June 1966 1 day Military Vacant
Juan Carlos Onganía
(1914–1995)
[23] 		— 29 June 1966 8 June 1970[j] 3 years, 344 days Military
Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces[p] — 8 June 1970 18 June 1970 10 days Military
Roberto Marcelo Levingston
(1920–2015)
[23] 		— 18 June 1970 23 March 1971[j] 278 days Military
Junta of Commanders of the Armed Forces[p] — 23 March 1971 26 March 1971 3 days Military
Alejandro Agustín Lanusse
(1918–1996) 		— 26 March 1971 25 May 1973 2 years, 60 days Military
Héctor José Cámpora
(1909–1980)
[24] 		Mar.
1973[q] 		25 May 1973 13 July 1973[b] 49 days PJ
(FREJULI) 		Vicente Solano Lima
Raúl Alberto Lastiri[r]
(1915–1978)
[25]
[24] 		— 13 July 1973 12 October 1973 91 days PJ
(FREJULI) 		Vacant
Juan Perón
(1895–1974)
[24] 		Sept.
1973 		12 October 1973 1 July 1974[e] 262 days PJ
(FREJULI) 		Isabel Perón
Isabel Perón
(born 1931)
[26] 		29 June 1974 1 July 1974 2 days PJ
(FREJULI) 		Herself
1 July 1974[c] 24 March 1976[s] 1 year, 267 days Vacant
Military Junta[t] — 24 March 1976 29 March 1976 5 days Military
Jorge Rafael Videla[u]
(1925–2013)
[27] 		— 29 March 1976 29 March 1981 5 years, 0 days Military
Roberto Eduardo Viola[u]
(1924–1994)
[27] 		— 29 March 1981 11 December 1981[v][j] 257 days Military
Horacio Tomás Liendo[h][u]
(1924–2007) 		— 21 November 1981 11 December 1981 20 days Military
Carlos Lacoste[h][u]
(1929–2004) 		— 11 December 1981 22 December 1981 31 days Military
Leopoldo Galtieri[u]
(1926–2003)
[27] 		— 22 December 1981 18 June 1982[j] 178 days Military
Alfredo Oscar Saint Jean[h][u]
(1926–1987) 		— 18 June 1982 1 July 1982 13 days Military
Reynaldo Bignone[u]
(1928–2018)
[27] 		— 1 July 1982 10 December 1983 1 year, 162 days Military
(Presidency)
Raúl Alfonsín
(1927–2009)
[28] 		1983 10 December 1983 8 July 1989[b] 5 years, 210 days UCR Víctor Hipólito Martínez
(Presidency)
Carlos Menem
(1930–2021)
[29] 		1989 8 July 1989 10 December 1999[w] 10 years, 155 days PJ
(FREJUPO) 		Eduardo Duhalde
Vacant
1995 PJ
(UCeDe) 		Carlos Ruckauf
(Presidency)
Fernando de la Rúa
(1937–2019)
[30] 		1999 10 December 1999 21 December 2001[b] 2 years, 11 days UCR
(Alianza) 		Carlos Álvarez
Vacant
Ramón Puerta[m]
(born 1951)
[31] 		—[x] 21 December 2001 23 December 2001 2 days PJ
Adolfo Rodríguez Saá
(born 1947)
[32] 		—[x] 23 December 2001 30 December 2001[b] 7 days PJ
Eduardo Camaño[r]
(born 1946)
[33] 		— 30 December 2001 2 January 2002 3 days PJ
Eduardo Duhalde
(born 1941)
[32] 		—[x] 2 January 2002 25 May 2003 1 year, 143 days PJ
(Presidency)
Néstor Kirchner
(1950–2010)
[34] 		2003 25 May 2003[y] 10 December 2007 4 years, 199 days PJ
(FPV) 		Daniel Scioli
(Presidency)
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
(born 1953)
[35][36] 		2007 10 December 2007 10 December 2015[z] 8 years PJ
(FPV) 		Julio Cobos
2011 Amado Boudou
Federico Pinedo[m]
(born 1955)
[36] 		— 10 December 2015[aa] 11 hours PRO
(Cambiemos) 		Vacant
(Presidency)
Mauricio Macri
(born 1959)
[36] 		2015 10 December 2015[ab] 10 December 2019 4 years PRO
(Cambiemos) 		Gabriela Michetti
(Presidency)
Alberto Fernández
(born 1959) 		2019 10 December 2019 10 December 2023 4 years PJ
(FdT) 		Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
(Presidency)
Javier Milei
(born 1970) 		2023 10 December 2023 Incumbent 184 days PL
(LLA) 		Victoria Villarruel

Italian banknotes[edit]

1990–1997 series
Image Value Euro
equivalent		 Dimensions
(mm)		 Main
colour		 Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse first printing withdrawal lapse
1000 L €0.516 112 x 62 mm Reddish violet Maria Montessori Bambino allo studio
by Armando Spadini 		3 October 1990 28
February
2002 		6
December
2011
2000 L €1.03 118 x 62 mm Brown Guglielmo Marconi Elettra,
antennae and radio set 		3 October 1990
5000 L €2.58 126 x 70 mm Dark green Vincenzo Bellini;
Teatro Massimo Bellini 		Base of the Eiffel tower 4 January 1985
10000 L €5.16 133 x 70 mm Blue Alessandro Volta;
Voltaic pile 		Tempio Voltiano 3 September 1984
50000 L €25.82 150 x 70 mm Red Gian Lorenzo Bernini;
Fontana del Tritone 		Equestrian statue;
St. Peter's Basilica 		27 May 1992
100000 L €51.65 156 x 70 mm Light green Caravaggio;
The Fortune Teller 		Basket of Fruit 6 May 1994
500000 L €258.23 163 x 78 mm Pinkish blue Raffaello;
Triumph of Galatea 		The School of Athens 6 May 1997

French banknotes[edit]

Last series[edit]

1993–1997 series
Image Value Euro
equivalent		 Dimensions
(mm)		 Main colour Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse first printing issue
50 F €7.62 123 x 80 mm Blue Antoine de Saint-Exupéry Breguet 14 biplane 1992, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 1999 20 October 1993
100 F €15.24 133 x 80 mm Orange Paul Cézanne Fruit by Cézanne
  • 1997
  • 1998
 15 December 1997
200 F €30.49 143 x 80 mm Red Gustave Eiffel Base of the Eiffel tower 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999 29 October 1996
500 F €76.22 153 x 80 mm Green Marie Curie
Pierre Curie 		Laboratory utensils 1994, 1995, 1996, 1998, 2000 22 March 1995

Cypriot banknotes[edit]

Last series[edit]

1997 series[37]
Image Value Euro
equivalent		 Dimensions
(mm)		 Main colour Description Date of
Obverse Reverse Obverse Reverse first printing issue lapse
£1 €1.71 140 × 68 mm Brown Cypriot girl Kato Drys, handicraft, pottery, laces 1 February 1997 31 January 2008[38] 31 December 2017[38]
£5 €8.54 148 × 72 mm Purple Limestone head of a young man Peristerona church and mosque
£10 €17.09 156 × 76 mm Green Artemis Cyprus warbler, green turtle, Paphos blue butterfly, Cyprus mouflon, Tulipa cypria, Cyclamen
£20 €34.17 164 × 80 mm Blue Aphrodite Kyrenia boat (4th century BC), Petra Tou Romiou 1 October 1997
These images are to scale at 0.7 pixel per millimetre. For table standards, see the banknote specification table.

Spanish banknotes[edit]

Last series[edit]

1992 series[39]
Image Value Euro
equivalent		 Dimensions Main colour Description Date of
Obverse Obverse Reverse first printing issue withdrawal lapse
1000 pesetas €6.01 130 × 65 mm Green Hernán Cortés Francisco Pizzaro 12 October 1992 9 July 2001 1 March 2002 30 June 2021
2000 pesetas €12.02 138 × 68 mm Red José Celestino Mutis Real Jardín Botánico de Madrid 24 April 1992 8 June 2001
5000 pesetas €30.05 146 × 72 mm Brown Christopher Colombus Armillary sphere 12 October 1992 16 August 2001
10000 pesetas €60.10 155 × 74 mm Greyish blue Juan Carlos I Jorge Juan y Santacilla 12 October 1992 25 November 2002
These images are to scale at 0.7 pixel per millimetre. For table standards, see the banknote specification table.

Emirati banknotes[edit]

Second issue
Value Dimensions Main colour Description Date of
Obverse Reverse first printing issue
5 dirhams 143 x 60 mm Brown Central Souq, Sharjah Northern Emirates landscape
Salem Al Mutawa Mosque, Sharjah 		1982
10 dirhams 147 x 62 mm Green Khanjar Pilot farm 1982
20 dirhams 149 x 63 mm Blue Creek Golf and Yacht Club, Dubai Trading dhow 1997
50 dirhams 151 x 64 mm Light brown Oryx Al Jahili Fort, Al Ain 1982
100 dirhams 155 x 66 mm Red Al Fahidi Fort, Dubai World Trade Centre, Dubai 1982
200 dirhams 157 x 67 mm Orange Sharia court building
Zayed Sports City Stadium, Abu Dhabi 		Central bank building, Abu Dhabi 1989
500 dirhams 159 x 68 mm Sky blue Saker falcon Jumeirah Mosque, Dubai 1983
1000 dirhams 163 x 70 mm Brown Qasr al-Hosn, Abu Dhabi Corniche, Abu Dhabi 1998
Third issue
Value Dimensions Main colour Description Date of
Obverse Reverse first printing issue
5 dirhams 143 x 66 mm Brown Ajman Fort, Ajman Dhayah Fort, Ras Al Khaimah 2022 26 April 2022
10 dirhams 147 x 66 mm Green Sheikh Zayed Grand Mosque, Abu Dhabi Khor Fakkan Amphitheatre, Sharjah 2022 21 April 2022
50 dirhams 151 x 66 mm Violet Founding fathers of the UAE Sheikh Zayed signing the Union document
Etihad Museum, Dubai 		2021 23 December 2021
1000 dirhams 163 x 66 mm Brown Sheikh Zayed;
Emirates Mars Mission 'Hope Probe' 		Barakah nuclear power plant, Abu Dhabi 2022 10 April 2023

Slovenian banknotes[edit]

1992 Series [1]
Image Value Euro
equivalent		 Dimensions Main colour Description Date of
Obverse Reverse first printing issue
[2] 10 tolarjev €0.04 120 × 60 mm Green Primož Trubar Ursuline Church in Ljubljana
Motif from the New Testament 		15 January 1992 27 November 1992
[3] 20 tolarjev €0.08 126 × 63 mm Orange Janez Vajkard Valvasor Angels from The Glory of the Duchy of Carniola by Valvasor
Segments of the map of Slovenia 		28 December 1992
[4] 50 tolarjev €0.21 132 × 66 mm Violet Jurij Vega Solar system
Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts 		19 March 1993
[5] 100 tolarjev €0.42 138 × 69 mm Yellow Rihard Jakopič The Sun by Jakopič
Plan of the former Jakopič Pavilion 		30 September 1992
[6] 200 tolarjev €0.83 144 × 72 mm Brown Jacobus Gallus Slovenian Philharmonic Hall
Musical notations 		22 February 1993
[7] 500 tolarjev €2.09 150 × 75 mm Red Jože Plečnik National and University Library of Slovenia 30 September 1992
[8] 1000 tolarjev €4.17 156 × 78 mm Blue green France Prešeren Text from Zdravljica by Prešeren 30 September 1992
[9] 5000 tolarjev €20.86 Brown Ivana Kobilca National Gallery of Slovenia
Robba fountain 		1 June 1993 13 December 1993
[10] 10 000 tolarjev €41.73 Purple Ivan Cankar Chrysanthemum
Cankar's handwriting 		28 June 1994 15 March 1995

Austrian banknotes[edit]

1983 Series[40]
Value Euro
equivalent		 Dimensions Main colour Description Date of
Obverse Reverse first printing issue
20 schilling €1.45 123 × 62 mm Brown Moritz Daffinger Albertina (Vienna) 1 October 1986 19 October 1988
50 schilling €3.63 130 × 65 mm Purple Sigmund Freud Josephinum (Alsergrund, Vienna) 2 January 1986 19 October 1987
100 schilling €7.27 137 × 68.5 mm Green Eugen von Böhm-Bawerk Akademie der Wissenschaften 2 January 1984 14 October 1985
500 schilling €36.34 144 × 72 mm Red Otto Wagner Post Office Savings Bank, Vienna 1 July 1985 20 October 1986
1000 schilling €72.67 152 × 76 mm Blue Erwin Schrödinger University of Vienna 3 January 1983 14 November 1983
5000 schilling €363.36 160 × 80 mm Gold Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Wiener Staatsoper 4 January 1988 17 October 1989
1997 Series
Value Euro
equivalent		 Dimensions Main colour Description Date of
Obverse Reverse first printing issue
500 schilling €36.34 147 × 72 mm Red Rosa Mayreder Rosa Mayreder 1 January 1997 20 October 1997
1000 schilling €72.67 154 × 72 mm Blue Karl Landsteiner Karl Landsteiner 1 January 1997 20 October 1997
  1. ^ Diario de Sesiones de la Cámara de Diputados del Año 1862. Tomo Primero. Buenos Aires: La Tribuna. 1863. p. 43.
  2. ^ Armagnague, Juan Fernando (1986). Historia del derecho: presidencias de Mitre, Sarmiento y Avellaneda. Mendoza: Ediciones Jurídicas Cuyo S.R.L. p. 17. ISBN 950-9099-09-0.
  3. ^ Diario de Sesiones de la Cámara de Diputados del Año 1862. Tomo Primero. Buenos Aires: La Tribuna. 1863. p. 59.
  4. ^ a b c Mendelevich, p.46-52
  5. ^ Mendelevich, p. 53-56
  6. ^ a b Mendelevich, p. 57-65
  7. ^ a b Mendelevich, p. 66-72
  8. ^ Mendelevich, p. 73-79
  9. ^ a b Mendelevich, p. 80-88
  10. ^ a b Mendelevich, p. 89-101
  11. ^ a b Mendelevich, p. 102-112
  12. ^ Mendelevich, p. 113-125
  13. ^ Mendelevich, p. 126-129
  14. ^ Cite error: The named reference Justo was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ Mendelevich, p. 130-135
  16. ^ a b c d e Cite error: The named reference Ortiz was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  17. ^ Mendelevich, p. 136–155
  18. ^ Mendelevich, p. 145
  19. ^ Mendelevich, p. 156-176
  20. ^ a b Mendelevich, p. 177-186
  21. ^ a b Mendelevich, p. 187-195
  22. ^ Mendelevich, p. 193
  23. ^ a b c Mendelevich, p. 196-214
  24. ^ a b c Mendelevich, p. 215-228
  25. ^ Mendelevich, p. 223
  26. ^ Mendelevich, p. 229-235
  27. ^ a b c d Mendelevich, p. 236-241
  28. ^ Mendelevich, p. 242-245
  29. ^ Mendelevich, p. 247-252
  30. ^ Mendelevich, p. 253-262
  31. ^ "La crisis política y económica. Renunció De la Rúa: el peronista Puerta está a cargo del Poder Ejecutivo". La Nación. 21 December 2001.
  32. ^ a b Mendelevich, p. 263-277
  33. ^ "La crisis institucional. Eduardo Camaño asumió como presidente interino". La Nación. 31 December 2001.
  34. ^ Mendelevich, p. 278-282
  35. ^ Mendelevich, p. 283-292
  36. ^ a b c "La jueza Servini declaró que el mandato de Mauricio Macri comienza a las 0 horas del día 10 de diciembre". Agencia de Noticias del Poder Judicial. 9 December 2015.
  37. ^ "Central Bank of Cyprus - Banknotes". Archived from the original on 2008-11-14. Retrieved 2008-11-14.
  38. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference ECBChangeover was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  39. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2013-07-03. Retrieved 2013-07-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  40. ^ Oesterreichische Nationalbank. "From the Schilling to the Euro". Archived from the original on 2006-09-24. Retrieved 2006-10-23.


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