Larry P. v. Riles
| Larry P. v. Riles | |
|---|---|
| Court | United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit |
| Full case name | LARRY P., by his Guardian ad litem, LUCILLE P.; M.S., by his Guardian ad litem, Joyce S.; M.J., by his Guardian ad litem, Mary H.; Sylvia M., by her Guardian at litem, Sylvia W.; J.L., by his Guardian ad litem, Selena F., Plaintiffs-Appellees,
v. Wilson RILES, Superintendent of Public Instruction for the State of California, Defendant-Appellant, Henry P. Gunderson, et al., Defendants. |
| Argued | November 12, 1981 |
| Decided | January 23, 1984 |
| Citation(s) | 793 F.2d 969. |
| Case history | |
| Prior action(s) | 495 F.Supp. 926. |
| Court membership | |
| Judge(s) sitting | Otto Richard Skopil Jr., Cecil F. Poole, William Benner Enright |
Larry P. v. Riles is a California court case in which the court held that IQ tests could not be used to place African-American students in special education classes.
Five African-American children had been placed in special classes for the "educable mentally retarded", based on low IQ test scores. Judge Robert F. Peckham ruled that they had been wrongly placed.
Background[edit]
The case was filed by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Legal Defense fund.[1] "Larry P." was one of the children, real name Darryl Lester.[1][2] Wilson Riles was the California State Superintendent of Public Instruction.
Ruling[edit]
The case was initially filed in 1971, and settled in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California in 1979[3].
The appeals court, in 1984, further banned the use of IQ tests on African-American children.[4]
Later interpretations[edit]
It was upheld[dubious ] on appeal to the 9th circuit in 1984.[5] The case has been described as "arguably the most well-known legal decision related to cognitive assessment".[1]
In a later case, Crawford v. Honig, African-American children were permitted to take IQ tests if their parents permitted it.[6][4][7][8]
After Crawford v. Honig, the California Department of Education issued memoranda in 1992 and 1997 stating that the prohibition on IQ tests for African-American students would still be followed.[9]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Woods, Isaac L.; Graves, Scott L. (June 1, 2021). "The Fortieth Anniversary of Larry P. V. Riles: Cognitive Assessment and Black Children". Contemporary School Psychology. 25 (2): 137–139. doi:10.1007/s40688-021-00373-6. ISSN 2161-1505.
- ^ Romney, Lee (October 18, 2019). "A Landmark Lawsuit Aimed to Fix Special Ed for California's Black Students. It Didn't". KQED. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
- ^ "Larry P. v. Riles, 495 F. Supp. 926 (N.D. Cal. 1979)". Justia Law. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
- ^ a b "What is the Larry P. v. Riles case? How did it originate?". SERR – Special Education Rights and Responsibilities. Disability Rights California. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
- ^ "Larry P., by His Guardian Ad Litem, Lucille P.; M.s., Byhis Guardian Ad Litem, Joyce S.; M.j., by His Guardian Adlitem, Mary H.; Sylvia M., by Her Guardian at Litem, Sylviaw.; J.l., by His Guardian Ad Litem, Selena F., Plaintiffs-appellees, v. Wilson Riles, Superintendent of Public Instruction for Thestate of California, Defendant-appellant,henry P. Gunderson, et al., Defendants, 793 F.2d 969 (9th Cir. 1986)". Justia Law. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
- ^ "Demond Crawford v Bill Honig. 37 F.3d 485 (9th Cir. 1995)". Justia Law. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
- ^ Walsh, Mark (October 12, 1994). "Appeals Court Upholds Black Parents' Rights To Learn Child's I.Q." Education Week. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
- ^ Mathews, Jay (July 6, 1987). "IQ tests restricted by race". Washington Post. Retrieved March 13, 2023.
- ^ "CASP's Response to CDE's Memorandum on Special Education of African American Students" (PDF). California Association of School Psychologits. Retrieved June 4, 2024.