Ganges Canal

For the canal system in Sri Ganganagar district of Rajasthan, see Ganga Canal (Rajasthan)

Ganges canal
Solani Aqueduct Of Ganges Canal'
Location	Saharanpur, Muzaffarnagar, Meerut, Hapur, Ghaziabad, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Bulandshahr, Aligarh, Hathras, Etah, Kasganj, Firozabad, Mathura, Agra in the state of Uttar Pradesh.
Country	India
Coordinates	29°57′23″N 78°10′49″E
Specifications
Length	437 km (272 miles)
Lock length	6,440 km (4,000 miles)
Lock width	6.1 m (20 ft)
Maximum boat beam	45.7 m (149 ft 11 in)
Locks	38 (originally 13)
Maximum height above sea level	200.86 m (659.0 ft)
Minimum height above sea level	176.17 m (578.0 ft)
Total rise	81
Status	Operational
Navigation authority	Department of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation
History
Modern name	Gang Nahar
Principal engineer	Sir Proby Thomas Cautley
Other engineer(s)	John David William Holmes
Construction began	1840
Date completed	8 April 1854
Geography
Direction	North to South-East
Start point	Bhimgoda Barrage (originally Bhimgoda Barrage)
End point	Kanpur (originally Narora)
Beginning coordinates	29°57′23″N 78°10′49″E
Ending coordinates	29°27′36″N 80°19′48″E

The Ganges Canal or Ganga Canal is a canal system that irrigates the Doab region between the Ganges River and the Yamuna River in India. The canal is primarily an irrigation canal, although parts of it were also used for navigation, primarily for its construction materials. Separate navigation channels with lock gates were provided on this system for boats to negotiate falls. Originally constructed from 1842 to 1854, for an original head discharge of 6000 ft³/s, the Upper Ganges Canal has since been enlarged gradually for the present head discharge of 10,500 ft³/s (295 m³/s). The system consists of main canal of 272 miles and about 4000 miles long distribution channels. The canal system irrigates nearly 9,000 km² of fertile agricultural land in ten districts of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. Today the canal is the source of agricultural prosperity in much of these states, and the irrigation departments of these states actively maintain the canal against a fee system charged from users.

There are some small hydroelectric plants on the canal capable of generating about 33MW if running at full capacity these are at Nirgajini, Chitaura, Salawa, Bhola, Jani, Jauli and Dasna.

Structure

The canal is administratively divided into the Upper Ganges Canal from Haridwar to Aligarh, with some branches, and the Lower Ganges Canal which constitutes several branches below Aligarh.

Upper Ganga Canal

The upper Ganges canal is the important and the original Ganges canal, which starts at the Bhimgoda Barrage near Har ki Pauri at Haridwar, traverses Roorkee, Purquazi, Sardhana (Meerut district), Muradnagar, Dasna, Bulandshahr, Khurja, Harduaganj and continues to Nanau (near Akrabad) in Aligarh district, where it bifurcates into the Kanpur branch and Etawah branch.

Lower Ganga Canal

A channel from Chaudhary Charan Singh Ganga barrage at Narora (Bulandshahr district) intersects the canal system 48 kms downstream from Nanau (Aligarh district), and continues past the Sengar River and Sarsa river, past Shikohabad in Firozabad District to become the Bhognipur branch which was opened in 1880. This branch, starting at village Jera in Mainpuri district, runs for 166 km to reach Kanpur. At kilometre 64 the Balrai escape carries excess water through a 6.4 km. channel through the ravines to discharge into the Yamuna. This branch has 386 km. of distributary channels. The Bhognipur branch, together with the Kanpur and Etawah branches, is known as the Lower Ganges Canal. The old channels of the old Kanpur and Etawah branches between Nanau and the point of intersection by the channel from Narora, are known as "stumps", and are utilized only when the supply of water in the lower Ganges system runs low. The main branch of the river passes Kanpur (behind IIT Kanpur campus) before breaking into several branches. A branch of it terminates Kanpur Jal Sansthan which comes from behind J. K. Temple.

Central Ganga Canal

A new 66 KMs long canal was proposed in 2011 to be constructed to help the farmers of Moradabad, Amroha, and Sambhal districts of the Doab region between the Ganges and Yamuna rivers. Initially, Rs 1,100 crore was allocated to the project in 2011 but by 2021, the project cost was increased to Rs 4,417 cr. Roughly, 410,348 farmers of 1,850 villages in almost 146,532 hectare culturable command area in and around Amroha, Joya, Dhanaura, Gajrauli, Hasanpur, and Gangeshwari blocks of Amroha district, Sambhal, Baniyakheda, Panwasa, Asmauli, and Bahjaoi blocks of Sambhal district, as well as the Dingarpur block of Moradabad district. As of May 2024, The central ganga canal is yet to be officially opened to use, though construction has been completed.

Solani Aqueduct

Solani Aqueduct was constructed by an Irish architect John David William Holmes in 1846 at present day Roorkee in the state of Uttarakhand. At the time of opening of the aqueduct, It was considered as the most remarkable brick masonry structure in the world. This 750 foot long, 175 foot wide masonary aqueduct carries the Upper Ganges canal over the Solani River and its river bed contains an average diameter of 0.25 millimetres of sand. Moreover, it has the capability of carrying flood flow of 80,000 cusecs. The reason behind its construction was the inspiration from Alcantara Aqueduct in Portugal.

Map of Ganges canal in Uttar Pradesh

List of canal, branch, feeder & links

Name of Channel	Discharge (in cusec)	Length (k.m.)
Upper ganga canal	13,000	291.94
Parallel upper ganga canal	4,484	84.89
Mat branch feeder	2,750	47.40
Anoopshahr branch	1,650	205.95
Hathras branch	840	74.40
Mat branch	2,086	128.10
Parallel Mat branch	627	23.60
Parallel Hathras mranch	670	62.40
Deoband branch	875	82.86
Supply channel	540	53.85

History

Proby Thomas Cautley, Chief engineer of the ganges canal project that completed in April 1854

Building of the canal

An irrigation system was felt necessary after the disastrous Agra famine of 1837–38, in which nearly 800,000 people died, and nearly ten million rupees was spent on relief works, resulting in considerable loss of revenue to the British East India Company. One of the moving forces behind the canal was Colonel Proby Cautley, who was confident that a 500-kilometre canal was feasible. There were many obstacles and objections to his project, mostly financial, but Cautley persevered and after spending six months walking and riding through the area taking measurements, he managed to persuade the British East India Company to sponsor the project. This project was sanctioned in 1841, but the work was not begun till 1843, and even then Cautley found himself hampered in its execution by the opposition of Lord Ellenborough.

Digging of the canal began in April 1842. Cautley had to make his own bricks, brick kiln and mortar. Initially, he was opposed by the Hindu priests at Haridwar, who felt that the waters of the holy river Ganges would be imprisoned but Cautley pacified them by agreeing to leave a gap in the dam from where the water could flow unchecked. He further appeased the priests by undertaking the repair of bathing ghats along the river. He also inaugurated the dam by the worship of Lord Ganesh, the god of good beginnings. The dam was faced with many complications- among them was the problem of the mountainous streams that threatened the canal. Near Roorkee, the land fell away sharply and Cautley had to build an aqueduct to carry the canal for half a kilometre. As a result, at Roorkee the canal is 25 metres higher than the original river. When the canal formally opened on 8 April 1854,it was the largest and costliest man-made waterway in the world, its main channel was 348 miles (560 km) long, its branches 306 miles (492 km) long and the various tributaries over 3,000 miles (4,800 km) long. After irrigation was commenced in May 1855, over 767,000 acres (3,100 km²) in 5,000 villages were irrigated.

In 1877 the whole canal system of the lower Doabs underwent radical alteration. The Lower Ganges Canal, with a feed from a channel from Narora, was constructed into the ghar tract of Etawah, and became the Bhognipur branch. Around 1900, according to the Nuttall Encyclopedia of 1907, it had a total extent of 3,700 miles (6,000 km), of which 500 miles (800 km) were navigable. Building of this canal also eventually led to the establishment of first engineering college in India, the College of Civil Engineering at Roorkee (Now Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee).

Labour strikes

The construction of the Ganges Canal required a massive workforce, which was primarily composed of Indian laborers. These workers faced gruelling conditions, including long hours, inadequate wages, poor living conditions, and the absence of medical care. The oppressive working environment was exacerbated by the colonial authorities' indifference to the laborers' well-being. In 1848, dissatisfaction among the workers reached a tipping point, leading to a labor strike. The primary grievances included unfair wage practices, the lack of compensation for injuries, and the general harshness of the working conditions. The laborers demanded better wages and improved working conditions, seeking redress for the exploitation they had endured. The strike was a significant event, as it disrupted the construction of the canal, causing delays and financial losses. The colonial administration, initially unprepared for such organized resistance, responded with a combination of repression and negotiation. British authorities used force to break the strike, deploying police to intimidate and, in some cases, violently suppress the laborers. However, the persistence of the workers' demands forced the administration to make some concessions. In the aftermath of the strike, there were marginal improvements in the wages and working conditions of the laborers. The colonial government recognized the necessity of maintaining labor peace to complete the canal on schedule. While the concessions were limited, they represented a significant acknowledgment of the laborers' grievances and their capacity for collective action. The labor strike during the building of the Ganges Canal was a significant episode in the history of colonial India. It highlighted the harsh realities faced by Indian laborers under British rule and their capacity for resistance against exploitation. The event not only disrupted the canal's construction but also prompted a re-evaluation of labor practices by the colonial administration. Ultimately, the strike stands as a testament to the resilience and agency of Indian laborers, and it provides valuable insights into the complexities of colonial labor relations and the socio-economic impact of British infrastructure projects in India. Later, Proby Cautley wrote a book Report on the Ganges Canal Works: from their commencement until the opening of the Canal in 1854. and mentioned that the Indian labours were "the most intractable and troublesome class of people that were on the works”.

Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal

Water distribution% by Ganges canal to the districts of Western Uttar Pradesh

  Muzaffarnagar (30.26%)

  Meerut (3.48%)

  Bulandshahr (21.29%)

  Hapur (0.21%)

  Saharanpur (2.91%)

  Ghaziabad (1.63%)

  Aligarh (6.82%)

  Kasganj (0.07%)

  Hathras (1.97%)

  Etah (0.23%)

  Gautam Buddha Nagar (29.59%)

  Firozabad (0.80%)

  Agra (0.15%)

  Mathura (0.59%)

Source: Department of Water Resources and Irrigation

No.	Districts	Culturable & irrigable area by Ganges canal
1	Agra district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Aharan Minor 4.24 3.8 787 236 315 551 Anwalkhera Minor 16.95 8.56 1,459 438 584 1,022 Chawli Minor 14.13 6.36 1,256 377 502 879 Devkhera Minor 10.95 7.91 1,265 380 506 886 Etmadpur Minor 19.07 8.8 2,049 615 820 1,435 Hemrajpur Minor 6 5.12 861 258 344 602 Muhammadabad Minor 4.94 4.88 823 247 329 576 Nagla Bel Minor 8.83 3.99 973 292 389 681 Narayach Minor 6.36 4.64 667 200 267 467 Paisai Minor 16.95 4.57 1,317 395 527 922 Pamari Minor 14.83 9.86 1,300 390 520 910 Usmanpur Minor 6.36 5.53 1,075 323 430 753 Total 129.61 74.02 13,832 4,151 5,533 9,684
2	Aligarh district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Atipur Minor 3.88 1.91 645 193 258 451 Bachgaon Minor 5.65 6.52 1,134 340 454 794 Bankat Minor 7.06 4.3 759 228 303 531 Bhadana Minor 9.89 6.01 592 260 314 574 Borra Minor 44.14 11 1,846 812 978 1,790 Dheerpur Minor 8.83 4.16 909 273 363 636 Firojabad DY 208 49.05 5,017 3,433 4,575 8,008 Ghirauli MR Minor 7.06 4.82 965 290 386 676 Hazratpur Minor 7.06 5.6 1,073 322 429 751 Jirauli Minor 6 6.38 1,068 320 427 747 Katana Minor 9.89 7.26 675 397 358 755 Korari Minor 9.89 3.19 860 378 456 834 Total 327.35 110.2 15,543 7,246 9,301 16,547
3	Bulandshahr district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Agwal Minor 2.12 2.18 121 53 n.a. 53 Amargarh Minor 4.94 2.76 395 261 n.a. 261 Bagsara Minor 7.06 7.2 982 648 n.a. 648 Bahadurgarh DY 52.97 28.03 635 2,573 n.a. 2,573 Banail Minor 4.94 5 349 154 n.a. 154 Banchaoli Minor 2.83 3.27 307 92 123 215 Basi Minor 13.07 5.86 2,573 635 n.a. 635 Bharana Minor 3.88 2.55 164 72 n.a. 72 Bichat Minor 2.12 1.63 139 42 56 98 Biraundi Minor 2.83 2.51 201 89 n.a. 89 Bulandshahr DY 194.94 47.19 8,287 3,645 n.a. 3,645 Bypass (UGC) DY 10,000.05 2.4 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Chandrawali Minor 8.12 5.8 591 260 n.a. 260 Charaura DY 75.93 22.52 5,358 3,536 n.a. 3,536 Chiti Minor 8.12 4.16 482 212 n.a. 212 Chiti Minor 3.88 4.86 399 120 160 280 Chuharpur Minor 8.12 4.75 836 251 334 585 Daupur Minor 6 5.77 588 259 n.a. 259 Devrala Minor 8.83 6.46 537 236 n.a. 236 Dhaker Minor 2.83 2.07 187 82 n.a. 82 Dharikpur DY 30.02 9.89 1,663 732 n.a. 732 Dungra Minor 8.83 4.27 674 445 n.a. 445 Dusera Minor 2.12 1.46 182 80 n.a. 80 Faridpur Minor 2.83 2.66 297 89 119 208 Gangagarh Minor 4.59 2.14 185 83 n.a. 83 Gangawali Minor 7.77 5.75 834 367 n.a. 367 Ghosipura Minor 20.13 6.75 1,202 529 n.a. 529 Ghusrana DY 34.61 7.67 446 196 n.a. 196 Giraura Minor 14.13 7.46 1,015 670 n.a. 670 Graden Gul Minor 3.88 1.48 175 77 n.a. 77 Gulaothi DY 64.98 17.64 2,786 1,226 n.a. 1,226 Gulaothi Minor 2.83 2.34 195 86 n.a. 86 Hamidpur Minor 2.83 3.08 308 92 123 215 Hasangarh DY 24.01 16.54 2,120 933 n.a. 933 Hazratpur Minor 3.88 3.21 312 138 n.a. 138 Hisara Minor 5.3 3.29 488 122 n.a. 122 Jawal Minor 2.47 2.84 216 95 n.a. 95 Kahraula Minor 6 4.17 352 155 n.a. 155 Kaser Minor 12.36 6.17 701 308 n.a. 308 Kasimabad Minor 1.06 1.53 110 33 44 77 Kazimpur Minor 2.83 2.53 125 55 n.a. 55 Khagwabas Minor 6.36 5.56 718 316 n.a. 316 Khalaur Minor 9.89 4.43 660 435 n.a. 435 Khanauda DY 75.93 19.73 5,517 3,641 n.a. 3,641 Kol DY 163.15 44.78 5,174 2,276 n.a. 2,276 Kriyawali Minor 8.83 1.9 539 237 n.a. 237 Kulawa DY 37.08 15.61 3,492 951 n.a. 951 Kuvaini Minor 9.89 5.47 650 286 n.a. 286 Lachhimpur DY 40.97 11 1,891 832 n.a. 832 Ladla was Minor 18.01 15.45 1,168 514 n.a. 514 Ladpur Minor 4.94 2.81 377 249 n.a. 249 Lalgarhi Minor 4.94 5.11 427 188 n.a. 188 Laxmangarhi Minor 1.06 1.2 68 30 n.a. 30 Left Dadupur DY 199.88 37.68 9,286 2,326 n.a. 2,326 Left Dariyapur Minor 9.89 4.64 366 161 n.a. 161 Lower Parichhitgarh DY 69.92 28.99 4,994 3,296 n.a. 3,296 Machkoli Minor 13.07 4.44 892 393 n.a. 393 Maholi Minor 2.83 2.44 263 115 n.a. 115 Malahpur Minor 2.12 5.35 390 117 156 273 Maman Minor 3.88 3.9 259 114 n.a. 114 Mat Feeder Main 2,749.95 47.46 4,381 1,094 n.a. 1,094 Mitthepur Minor 2.83 2.98 88 38 n.a. 38 Mundakhera DY 14.83 11.25 1,194 525 n.a. 525 Nazimpur DY 20.84 7.08 370 111 148 259 Nithari Minor 2.12 1.51 149 45 60 105 Pachgai Minor 2.83 1.9 183 80 n.a. 80 Pahasu DY 39.91 20.46 3,034 1,335 n.a. 1,335 Palra DY 226.01 36.76 7,474 3,288 n.a. 3,288 Parpa Minor 15.89 9.78 1,245 548 n.a. 548 Pirbiyabani Minor 2.12 2.81 193 85 n.a. 85 Pitowas Minor 10.95 4.01 474 209 n.a. 209 Pota DY 48.03 19.56 3,023 1,995 n.a. 1,995 Prangarh Minor 6 2.75 342 103 136 239 Ramwas Minor 2.12 0.84 174 77 n.a. 77 Rasulpur Minor 13.07 8.23 963 289 385 674 Right Dadupur DY 95 22.77 3,715 1,634 n.a. 1,634 Right Dariyapur Minor 3.88 3.19 269 118 n.a. 118 Sabdalpur Minor 3.88 2.61 307 135 n.a. 135 Saina Minor 8.12 4.14 580 383 n.a. 383 Sainda DY 40.97 25.31 4,082 1,796 2,164 3,960 Sathla Minor 8.12 4.82 557 368 n.a. 368 Siddhgarhi Minor 18.01 9.62 1,333 578 n.a. 578 Silhari Minor 1.77 2.46 123 54 n.a. 54 Singanpur Minor 3.88 2.36 315 208 n.a. 208 Sohanpur DY 24.01 11.62 1,442 625 n.a. 625 Soie Minor 18.01 11.11 1,826 803 n.a. 803 Syana Minor 2.83 2.46 159 105 n.a. 105 Talwar DY 56.15 22.6 2,847 1,253 n.a. 1,253 Trilokpur Minor 6.36 2.69 365 161 n.a. 161 Tyaur DY 24.01 12.34 2,223 978 n.a. 978 Utsara Minor 9.89 8.75 1561 687 n.a. 687 Vaira Minor 20.13 11.43 1,532 1,011 n.a. 1,011 Veerpura DY 30.02 19.08 2,842 1,250 n.a. 1,250 Walipura DY 80.16 37.93 4,809 2,116 n.a. 2,116 Total 14,966.38 895 128,822 60,293 4,008 64,301
4	Etah district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Etah Minor 8.12 13.47 847 373 n.a. 373 Fatehpur Minor 3.88 3.86 451 198 239 437 Gothua Minor 20.13 9.43 1,970 591 788 1,379 Isauli Minor 4.94 3.56 941 418 499 917 Jamalpur Minor 5.65 2.54 272 120 144 264 Jirsmi Minor 22.95 14.18 1,038 457 n.a. 457 Mitrol Minor 2.12 6.54 477 210 253 463 Murthar Minor 5.65 4.47 812 243 325 568 Nuh Minor 0.71 1.72 70 31 37 68 Pondry Minor 20.13 15.19 1,486 654 780 1,434 Punehra Minor 18.01 10.54 942 414 499 913 Rar Minor 16.24 10.64 1692 745 n.a. 745 Rashidpur Minor 2.12 2.45 109 43 58 101 Salempur Minor 1.41 1.95 165 73 87 160 Simrau Minor 16.95 5.01 1,692 508 677 1,185 Sona Minor 14.13 7.64 1,381 414 552 966 Tatarpur Minor 12.01 6.97 606 267 321 588 Uderi Minor 14.13 10.58 1,378 606 730 1,336 Umargarh Minor 7.06 2.85 728 218 291 509 Total 196.34 133.59 17,057 6,583 6,280 12,863
5	Firozabad district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Atipur Minor 3.88 1.91 645 193 258 451 Bachgaon Minor 5.65 6.52 1,134 340 454 794 Bankat Minor 7.06 4.3 759 228 303 531 Bhadana Minor 9.89 6.01 592 260 314 574 Borra Minor 44.14 11 1,846 812 978 1,790 Dheerpur Minor 8.83 4.16 909 273 363 636 Firojabad DY 208 49.05 5,017 3,433 4,575 8,008 Ghirauli MR Minor 7.06 4.82 965 290 386 676 Hazratpur Minor 7.06 5.6 1,073 322 429 751 Jirauli Minor 6 6.38 1,068 320 427 747 Katana Minor 9.89 7.26 675 397 358 755 Korari Minor 9.89 3.19 860 378 456 834 Kotala Minor 8.12 5.95 544 239 288 527 Kotki Minor 9.89 6.76 1,402 421 561 982 Nagau DY 25.07 12.84 2,330 699 932 1,631 Narkhi Minor 14.83 8.36 1,442 634 764 1,398 Nuh DY 74.87 24.73 3,889 1,712 2,061 3,773 Pilkhattra DY 169.86 35.11 7,427 3,266 3,936 7,202 Rajawali Minor 8.83 6.72 1,500 450 600 1,050 Sukhi Minor 1.41 1.52 212 94 112 206 Sunari Minor 10.95 7.52 671 295 356 651 Sunav Minor 14.13 4.77 1,158 510 614 1,124 Suraha Minor 24.01 7.77 882 388 468 856 Total 689.32 232.25 37,000 15,954 19,993 35,947
6	Gautam Buddha Nagar district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Accheja Minor 3.53 0.85 286 126 n.a. 126 Alampur Hatla Minor 9.53 7.49 965 290 386 676 Alipur Minor 1.06 2.19 190 57 76 133 Amarpur Minor 10.95 5.39 791 348 n.a. 348 Amarpur Minor 3.53 1.32 364 109 146 255 Amka Minor 3.88 2.11 274 120 n.a. 120 Bajauta DY 51.91 23.59 3,742 1,123 1,497 2,620 Bambabad Minor 2.83 1.46 139 60 n.a. 60 Barauda DY 90.05 62.2 2,808 842 1,123 1,965 Barauda Feeder DY 90.05 3.19 8,678.67 n.a. n.a. n.a. Beel Minor 3.88 2.45 305 134 n.a. 134 Bhatta Minor 4.94 4.4 817 245 327 572 Birampur Minor 7.06 6.26 795 238 318 556 Bisara Minor 4.24 2.94 211 137 n.a. 137 Chamru Minor 2.83 1.47 188 56 75 131 Chandpur Minor 3.88 3.39 407 122 163 285 Charauli Minor 14.83 4.72 2,347 704 939 1,643 Choki Minor 1.41 1.91 176 53 70 123 Dadri Minor 12.36 7.82 971 427 n.a. 427 Dalelgarhi Minor 2.47 0.63 170 51 68 119 Dankaur Minor 7.77 4.2 655 288 n.a. 288 Dayantpur Minor 22.95 4.98 794 238 318 556 Dehra Feeder Main 394.82 19.91 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Devata Minor 2.83 4.38 306 92 122 214 Dhoom Minor 4.59 3.55 389 171 n.a. 171 East Ladupura Minor 1.41 1.32 91 40 n.a. 40 Gadana Minor 2.12 1.89 192 58 76 134 Gesupur Minor 1.41 1.05 92 40 n.a. 40 Girdharpur DY 16.24 7.01 772 232 309 541 Gopalgarh Minor 7.06 4.22 796 239 318 557 Gothani Minor 7.06 5.79 558 167 223 390 Govindpur Minor 5.3 2.99 297 89 119 208 Hasanpur DY 38.85 17.13 1,706 512 682 1,194 Hirnauti Minor 2.83 3.77 312 94 125 219 Inayatpur DY 50.15 19.08 2,532 760 1,013 1,773 Jaitpur Minor 3.18 2.51 237 71 95 166 Janpath Minor 2.12 0.95 136 60 n.a. 60 Jarcha DY 24.01 14.89 1,643 722 n.a. 722 Jewar DY 400.12 58.7 7,865 2,359 3,146 5,505 Jhalra Minor 2.83 2.59 140 62 n.a. 62 Jhanjhar Minor 8.48 3.72 558 167 223 390 Kadarpur Minor 8.83 5.6 627 188 251 439 Kalkahuri Minor 8.12 3.95 421 126 168 294 Kalonda Minor 8.83 7.64 796 350 n.a. 350 Kalra Minor 1.41 1.25 77 34 n.a. 34 Kaonra Minor 3.88 3.42 403 177 n.a. 177 Karauli Minor 6 5.81 612 184 245 429 Khandera Minor 0.35 1.8 174 52 69 121 Khatana DY 15.54 24.37 922 406 n.a. 406 Khawajpur Minor 4.94 2.54 711 213 284 497 Kherali Minor 2.83 2.69 423 127 169 296 Kiranchpur Minor 1.41 3.52 229 101 n.a. 101 Kishorpur Minor 5.65 5.24 610 183 244 427 Kudikhera Minor 2.83 1.36 233 102 n.a. 102 Left Garhi Minor 8.12 4.23 554 166 222 388 Left Kalda Minor 1.41 2.48 100 44 n.a. 44 Left Mumrezpur Minor 6.71 5.19 582 175 233 408 Machand Minor 6 4.58 134 40 54 94 Mahawad Minor 1.41 1.45 140 62 n.a. 62 Mahepa Minor 3.88 5.57 524 157 210 367 Marahra Minor 3.18 3.91 277 83 111 194 Masauta Minor 2.83 4.69 390 117 156 273 Mat Canal Branch 1,544 74.4 9,922 2977 n.a. 2,977 Mat Feeder Main 2,086.04 17.42 565 169 226 395 Milak Minor 1.41 1.08 97 29 39 68 Nagla Nain Sukh Minor 1.77 1.6 141 62 n.a. 62 Nandkishorpur Minor 3.88 1.9 401 120 160 280 Nar Minor 2.47 2.22 203 61 81 142 Noorpur Minor 2.83 5.18 450 135 180 315 Paleda Minor 4.94 3.07 423 127 169 296 Parallel Ganga Main 12,999.79 60.99 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Patadi Minor 2.12 1.17 212 93 n.a. 93 Patla Khera Minor 2.83 2.21 230 69 92 161 Peeplaka Minor 6.36 5 392 173 n.a. 173 Rabupura Minor 6.36 2.69 524 157 210 367 Ramgarh Minor 1.41 2.43 170 75 n.a. 75 Ranhera Minor 3.88 5.01 807 242 323 565 Raunija Minor 4.94 3.56 565 170 226 396 Right Mamrezpur Minor 2.12 2.39 252 76 101 177 Saddulapur Minor 5.65 4.54 445 196 n.a. 196 Sadopur Minor 2.47 1.64 185 81 n.a. 81 Sainthli Minor 3.53 2.73 259 114 n.a. 114 Salempur Minor 1.77 1.81 141 62 n.a. 62 Salempur Minor 2.83 3.61 304 91 122 213 Shakh Machand Minor 1.06 0.83 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Shakhkakod Minor 1.77 1.89 431 129 172 301 shekhpur Minor 2.12 1.96 199 60 80 140 Sirsa Minor 1.06 1.13 64 28 n.a. 28 Siwara Minor 8.12 6.32 1101 330 440 770 Sunpeda Minor 2.47 3.29 309 93 124 217 Sunpura Minor 3.53 1.14 108 47 n.a. 47 Talra Minor 1.06 1.43 64 28 n.a. 28 Talra DY 39.91 6.99 647 194 259 453 Tanaja Minor 5.3 2.72 558 167 223 390 Thasrana Minor 2.12 2.31 254 77 102 179 Upper Ganga Canal Main 3,604.5 13.3 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Upper Ganga Canal Main 3,604.5 47.63 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Usmanpur Minor 10.95 3.05 530 233 n.a. 233 Utrawali DY 21.9 9.75 981 294 392 686 Utrawali Minor 2.83 2.18 827 248 331 579 Vailana Minor 1.06 1.04 177 53 71 124 Vair DY 25.07 12.94 747 224 299 523 Vasantpur Minor 3.18 3.45 345 104 138 242 Vishnoli Minor 2.83 2.42 208 92 n.a. 92 Waina Minor 8.48 6.52 1,036 311 414 725 Warsabad Minor 6.36 4.6 427 188 n.a. 188 West Ladhpura Minor 2.12 1.13 140 62 n.a. 62 Total 25,491.21 776.37 79,475.67 23,031 19,347 42,378
7	Ghaziabad district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Kalda DY 449.91 46.62 33,229 17,611 n.a. 17,611 Amrala Minor 38.85 12.83 1,282 846 525 1,371 Banehra Minor 8.12 3.69 478 316 196 512 Dasna DY 264.86 38.66 4,966 2,185 n.a. 2,185 Dehra DY 69.92 25.14 2,199 968 n.a. 968 Dhawarsi Minor 2.83 2.72 238 105 n.a. 105 Didvari Minor 3.88 2.71 160 106 106 212 Dindhar Minor 8.12 4.42 762 503 312 815 Ghyaspur DY 27.9 11.09 2,316 1,528 949 2,477 Ikhla DY 44.14 15.7 2,315 1,019 n.a. 1,019 Jahangirpur Minor 2.83 1.41 281 185 115 300 Kalchhina Minor 3.88 3.26 380 252 156 408 Kaushliya Minor 14.83 9.74 1,127 743 462 1,205 Khanjarpur Minor 2.83 3.08 277 183 113 296 Khichra Minor 6.36 4.55 278 122 n.a. 122 Kinhapur Minor 2.83 7.7 278 183 183 366 Kundera Minor 3.88 3.68 354 235 145 380 Kushak Minor 2.12 1.87 148 65 n.a. 65 Masauta Minor 1.06 0.98 70 31 n.a. 31 Mau Minor 2.12 3.45 431 284 476 760 Nahal Minor 3.88 2.25 376 166 n.a. 166 Noorpur Minor 3.88 4.76 443 292 182 474 Puthi Minor 2.47 2.4 216 95 n.a. 95 Pyaoli Minor 10.95 7.79 645 284 n.a. 284 Right Kalda DY 159.98 27.34 4,355 1,916 n.a. 1,916 Shahjahanpur Minor 7.06 4.05 649 428 1,915 2,343 Sherpur Minor 3.88 6.45 810 535 332 867 Sikandrabad DY 159.98 30.94 4,992 2,197 n.a. 2,197 Suhana Minor 26.13 7.85 1,151 760 472 1,232 Sultanpur Minor 25.07 9.77 2,017 1,331 827 2,158 Tibda Minor 12.01 4.09 299 728 451 1,179 Ujhera Minor 26.84 17.72 2,427 1,602 995 2,597 Total 1,403.4 328.71 69,949 37,804 8,912 46,716
8	Hapur district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Bhatona Minor 1.77 1.26 177 78 n.a. 78 Bighepur Minor 2.47 2.51 233 102 n.a. 102 Bihooni Minor 10.95 3.51 792 523 n.a. 523 Buklana Minor 8.12 4.77 582 385 n.a. 385 Chandner Minor 4.94 2.85 416 275 n.a. 275 Chona Minor 1.06 1.2 99 44 n.a. 44 Datiyana Minor 9.89 5.63 729 481 n.a. 481 Fattapur Minor 7.06 4.2 479 316 n.a. 316 Galand Minor 3.88 1.36 199 53 n.a. 53 Govardhanpur Minor 3.18 3.92 241 106 n.a. 106 Jadaupur Minor 2.47 2 188 82 n.a. 82 Janupuri Minor 7.06 2.71 546 360 n.a. 360 Kakrana Minor 3.18 2.25 206 91 n.a. 91 Kanaur Minor 7.06 4.66 541 357 n.a. 357 Kapoorpur Minor 2.83 4.23 321 141 n.a. 141 Lodha Minor 1.41 1.82 134 59 n.a. 59 Luhari Minor 3.88 2.56 309 204 n.a. 204 Nagla Udai Rampur Minor 3.18 1.87 172 76 n.a. 76 Nawada Minor 3.88 2.01 293 193 n.a. 193 Noorpur DY 43.08 19.83 3,476 1,529 n.a. 1,529 Palwara Minor 4.94 2.2 451 298 n.a. 298 Salarpur Minor 4.94 2.09 287 189 n.a. 189 Salauni Minor 7.06 4 477 315 n.a. 315 Sholana Minor 6 3.36 587 258 n.a. 258 Tigri Minor 4.94 3.34 363 240 n.a. 240 Total 159.23 90.14 12,298 6,755 n.a. 6,755
9	Hathras district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Avaranpur Minor 4.94 2.74 528 158 211 369 Averni Minor 32.14 17.06 3,955 1,186 1,582 2,768 Badhar Minor 2.47 3.33 367 110 147 257 Bagharaya Minor 8.12 3.2 679 299 360 659 Bahanpur Minor 4.59 2.04 431 190 n.a. 190 Baldev DY 126.07 21.37 4,692 1,407 1,877 3,284 Ban Minor 4.94 5.69 650 286 344 630 Banka Minor 3.88 3.33 591 177 236 413 Barhan DY 192.11 37.78 8,196 2,459 3,278 5,737 Bastoi Minor 7.06 7.19 801 352 424 776 Bhaugaon Minor 6 2.77 447 134 179 313 Bisana DY 111.95 21.92 4,880 1,464 1,952 3,416 Budhanu Minor 2.83 2.18 299 132 n.a. 132 Daghaita DY 120.07 30.27 6,830 2,049 2,732 4,781 Durjiya Minor 4.24 3.53 619 186 248 434 Gijrauli DY 51.91 18.42 4,062 1,219 1,625 2,844 Ginauli Minor 1.41 2.58 164 72 87 159 Gulabi Minor 1.77 2.73 273 120 145 265 Jansoi Minor 21.9 20.57 1719 756 n.a. 756 Jasrana Minor 7.06 4.22 496 125 n.a. 125 Jau Minor 7.06 6.56 862 379 457 836 Jugsana DY 97.12 28.03 6,635 1,990 2,654 4,644 Junction Feeder Minor 7.77 3.71 325 98 130 228 Kanau Minor 2.83 2.77 243 108 129 237 Karil Minor 6 6.55 505 152 202 354 Khandauli DY 44.85 21.9 4,717 1,415 1,887 3,302 Khirwa Minor 8.48 5.65 860 258 344 602 Kota Minor 13.07 6.07 1,186 356 474 830 Kupa Minor 6 3.62 553 166 222 388 Kursanda DY 79.1 37.14 6,138 1,848 2,455 4,303 Ladhpur Minor 26.49 8.76 1,080 324 432 756 Lodhipur DY 48.03 23.97 3,137 1,380 1,667 3,047 Madhabhoj Minor 22.95 9.17 2,203 661 881 1,542 Maho DY 40.96 15.68 3,208 1,412 1,701 3,113 Malamai Minor 4.94 4.14 431 190 228 418 Mau Minor 3.88 2.23 435 192 n.a. 192 Mohari Minor 7.06 4.18 501 220 n.a. 220 Nizampur Minor 6.36 3.06 414 182 n.a. 182 Pachayta Minor 8.12 2.53 461 203 n.a. 203 Paharpur Minor 16.95 7.2 1,104 331 442 773 Paindapur Minor 2.83 4.04 300 132 159 291 Pidaura Minor 5.65 2.46 375 165 n.a. 165 Pilkhattra Minor 2.47 2.89 222 98 118 216 Pratappur Minor 4.24 3.65 362 159 192 351 Radoi Minor 15.89 11 1,571 471 628 1,099 Raipur Minor 1.77 2.82 228 100 120 220 Rampur Minor 18.01 9.21 2,285 1,005 n.a. 1,005 Sahpau DY 228.13 39.09 8,487 2,546 3,395 5,941 Sakrauli DY 120.07 24.21 5,384 1,615 2,154 3,769 Semra Minor 12.01 6.44 1,091 327 436 763 Shahbazpur Minor 8.12 5.68 1,072 322 429 751 Shishmal Minor 4.94 4.21 458 137 183 320 Sihori Minor 3.88 3.1 188 83 100 183 Sikandarpur DY 22.95 13.26 2,474 742 990 1,732 Sitapur DY 31.08 14.21 2,268 998 1202 2,200 Tamsi Minor 14.13 4.56 997 299 399 698 Tati Minor 3.88 5.05 246 108 n.a. 108 Tikri Minor 10.95 8.24 1,232 542 n.a. 542 Tod Minor 3.88 3.08 285 127 153 280 Trilokpur Minor 7.06 2.5 411 181 n.a. 181 Total 1,695.42 585.54 105,613 34,903 40,390 75,293
10	Kasganj district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Bilram Minor 8.83 3.04 217 95 n.a. 95 Dholna Minor 13.07 3.97 320 141 n.a. 141 Inayati DY 19.07 9.5 252 111 n.a. 111 Taiyabpur Minor 15.54 5.27 236 104 n.a. 104 Total 56.51 21.78 1,025 451 n.a. 451
11	Mathura district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Airakhera DY 44.14 20.75 4,040 1,212 1,616 2,828 Angai Minor 14.13 7.32 1,710 513 684 1,197 Bandi Minor 2.83 3.15 759 227 304 531 Bera Minor 14.13 7.36 996 299 398 697 Bhadravan Minor 5.65 3.61 697 209 279 488 Byohi Minor 3.88 2.59 784 235 314 549 Daharuaa Minor 10.59 6.81 999 300 400 700 Dandisara Minor 10.59 4.38 763 229 305 534 Daulatpur Minor 9.89 6.8 756 227 302 529 Gaju Minor 8.83 3.45 485 146 194 340 Garhsauli Minor 11.3 8.87 1,214 364 485 849 Goga Minor 3.88 3.01 332 100 133 233 Jarara DY 95 21.87 4,180 1,254 1,672 2,926 Karab DY 33.9 13.28 1,738 521 695 1,216 Kataila Minor 14.83 6.24 1,179 354 472 826 Khanwal Minor 9.53 3.58 959 290 384 674 Khurram Minor 4.94 3.9 558 168 223 391 Kulana Minor 15.89 8.62 1,535 461 614 1,075 Lohvan Minor 4.94 3.23 385 116 154 270 Mahavan DY 56.15 16.77 4518 1,355 1,807 3,162 Mat Minor 21.9 10.59 939 282 376 658 Meer Minor 10.24 5.82 1,091 327 436 763 Nabipur Minor 7.42 3.65 522 156 209 365 Navli Minor 14.83 7.6 1586 476 635 1,111 Pachawar Minor 3.88 3.62 476 142 190 332 Parsauli Minor 4.94 4.06 618 185 247 432 Pavipur Minor 4.24 2.39 295 89 118 207 Pindari Minor 4.94 4.19 772 332 309 641 Sadikpur Minor 6 4.73 781 234 312 546 Sihaura Minor 7.06 5.25 885 265 354 619 Sikandarpur Minor 6.36 5.21 886 266 354 620 Sureer Minor 9.89 9.56 1,520 456 608 1,064 Virahna Minor 28.96 10.96 2,557 767 1,023 1,790 Total 505.68 233.22 41,515 12,557 16,606 29,163
12	Meerut district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Dhikauli Minor 2.83 0.3 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Abdullahpur Minor 9.89 6.66 778 513 319 832 Agheda Minor 13.07 6.86 1,261 832 518 1,350 Akbarpur Minor 19.07 10.54 1,282 846 n.a. 846 Alipur Minor 7.06 2.16 587 388 n.a. 388 Amroli Minor 24.01 8.93 1,740 1,149 n.a. 1,149 Asilpur Minor 37.08 20.44 2,500 1,650 n.a. 1,650 Bahsuma Minor 2.83 1.04 188 124 n.a. 124 Behraura Minor 2.83 3.72 326 215 n.a. 215 Bhainsa Minor 12.01 4.66 797 526 n.a. 526 Bharapur Minor 2.83 2.47 338 223 139 362 Bhatjan DY 51.91 24.5 4,671 3,043 98 3,141 Bhuni Minor 25.07 12.14 1,777 1,173 720 1,893 Dabthua DY 79.1 28.17 4,587 3,028 1,880 4,908 Darweshpur Minor 8.12 3.94 604 399 n.a. 399 Dayalpur Minor 20.84 10.92 1,761 1,162 n.a. 1,162 Dhikauli DY 42.02 12.12 2530 1670 n.a. 1670 Dibai Minor 3.88 3.22 301 199 n.a. 199 Ganwari Minor 7.06 3.69 492 325 22 347 Garhmukteswar DY 108.06 34.07 8,692 5,737 n.a. 5,737 Govindpuri Minor 14.13 7.28 1,012 668 n.a. 668 Jalalabad Ditributary DY 107 32.67 4,705 3,105 1,927 5,032 Jasar Minor 31.08 12.67 2,074 1,360 850 2,210 Jhanjhokhar Minor 9.89 4.94 762 503 312 815 Kalanjri Minor 10.95 7.04 955 630 392 1,022 Kalyanpur Minor 4.94 2.07 306 202 125 327 Karnawal Minor 15.89 6.53 1,149 758 471 1,229 Kashi Minor 12.01 6.19 1,178 778 266 1,044 Khanauda Minor 9.89 6.61 675 445 277 722 Kherki Minor 3.88 1.65 278 183 114 297 Kithaur DY 283.93 60.65 18,963 12,516 n.a. 12,516 Kithaur Minor 9.89 5.63 740 488 n.a. 488 Kurali Minor 3.88 4.16 382 252 157 409 Laliyana Minor 8.83 4.76 640 422 n.a. 422 Lawar Minor 12.01 6.59 1,004 663 n.a. 663 Left Akbarpur DY 139.14 26.54 8,723 5,757 n.a. 5,757 Left Bhola DY 151.15 35.73 4,577 3,022 1,877 4,899 Left Dhikauli Minor 1.06 0.95 46 30 n.a. 30 Left Salawa DY 222.84 33.99 4,551 3,004 1,866 4,870 Lift Timkiya Minor 15.89 5.17 970 640 398 1,038 Lodhipur Minor 15.89 4.54 1,167 771 n.a. 771 Lohda Minor 1.06 0.86 43 28 18 46 Lower Churiyala DY 50.85 18.85 3,327 2,195 n.a. 2,195 Lower Daurala DY 97.12 20.46 2,716 1,793 1,114 2,907 Mahalwala Minor 6 2.68 565 373 n.a. 373 Mataur Minor 2.83 1.38 220 145 190 335 Mawana Minor 26.13 10.83 1,817 1,199 n.a. 1,199 Meerut DY 20.84 14.38 1,490 983 611 1,594 Nagla Minor 8.12 6.82 514 339 n.a. 339 Nagla Minor 9.89 5.12 625 413 258 671 North Julehra Minor 6 3.76 696 459 285 744 Pali Minor 13.07 8.08 989 652 n.a. 652 Pali Minor 8.83 4.42 642 424 263 687 Parichhitgarh Minor 2.12 1.18 140 93 n.a. 93 Partapur Minor 2.83 1.42 238 157 83 240 Paswara Minor 6 4.81 408 269 n.a. 269 Pilauna Minor 12.01 5.63 805 531 n.a. 531 Puth DY 163.86 24 3,494 2,306 1,432 3,738 Radhna Minor 12.01 7.89 693 457 n.a. 457 Rajpur Minor 16.95 12.73 1,176 776 n.a. 776 Ram Nagar Minor 4.94 4.69 373 246 n.a. 246 Rasulpur Minor 12.01 4.21 766 506 314 820 Right Akbarpur DY 145.85 33.42 10,440 6,890 n.a. 6,890 Right Bhola DY 139.14 18.22 2,597 1,714 1,065 2,779 Right Dhikauli Minor 2.12 0.91 165 109 n.a. 109 Right Salawa DY 179.05 37.1 4,736 3,126 1,942 5,068 Rohta Minor 26.84 12.66 1,802 1,189 739 1,928 Sadullapur Minor 2.83 1.82 244 161 n.a. 161 Sandhan Minor 7.06 5.3 479 316 n.a. 316 Sardhana Minor 15.89 7.44 1129 746 463 1,209 Sathla Minor 2.12 1.44 136 90 n.a. 90 Shahjhanpur Minor 6 3.33 435 287 n.a. 287 South Julehra Minor 9.89 4.94 417 275 171 446 Teori Minor 9.89 6.63 1,012 668 415 1,083 Tikri DY 188.93 43.54 5,410 3,517 2,218 5,735 Timkiya Minor 14.13 5.42 658 434 270 704 Upper Parichhitgarh DY 204.83 40.28 13,150 5,392 n.a. 5,392 Total 3,001.78 863.56 154,616 98,657 24,579 123,236
13	Muzaffarnagar district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Anti DY 90.05 33.45 8,310 5,485 n.a. 5,485 Antwara Minor 8.83 3.31 620 409 254 663 Anupshahar Canal Branch 1,649.9 206.76 100,015 66,010 n.a. 66,010 Athai DY 15.89 6.6 1,529 n.a. 627 627 Baghra Minor 20.13 8.17 1,318 n.a. 540 540 Bagowali Minor 7.06 4.21 373 n.a. 153 153 Barampur Minor 3.18 1.52 169 n.a. n.a. n.a. Barla DY 12.01 7.3 708 n.a. 290 290 Baseda DY 175.16 29.25 2,145 n.a. 879 879 Batawali Minor 8.83 5.93 648 428 n.a. 428 BehdaSadat Minor 3.88 1.86 178 n.a. 73 73 Bhainserhedi Minor 1.77 2.07 205 n.a. 84 84 Bhainsi Minor 4.94 3.5 335 221 137 358 Bhalwa Minor 6 5.64 877 n.a. 359 359 Bhopa DY 15.89 5.77 860 n.a. 352 352 Bhukarhedi DY 31.08 16.23 1,741 n.a. 714 714 Bhuma Minor 3.88 4.43 340 224 n.a. 224 Bhurahedi Minor 4.94 3.62 327 n.a. 134 134 Bijopura Minor 2.83 2.56 138 n.a. 57 57 Birwala Minor 2.83 1.79 75 n.a. 31 31 Bupara Minor 8.83 4.81 770 508 316 824 Chandsina Minor 9.89 6.21 735 485 302 787 Charthawal DY 81.93 28.13 4,791 n.a. 1,965 1,965 Chitaura Minor 7.42 4.29 515 n.a. 211 211 Damedi Minor 9.89 3.27 715 n.a. 293 293 Dayayaaki Minor 1.41 1.13 685 n.a. n.a. n.a. Dhansri Minor 9.89 6.42 634 n.a. 260 260 Falauda DY 13.07 7.54 705 n.a. 289 289 Firozpur Minor 1.06 2.83 137 n.a. 56 56 Gadarjudda Minor 9.89 6.52 526 n.a. n.a. n.a. Gadla Minor 4.24 2.88 240 n.a. 98 98 Gadwada Minor 2.12 1.74 151 n.a. 33 33 Harchandpur Minor 15.89 6.79 835 n.a. n.a. n.a. Jalalpur Minor 4.94 2.65 364 240 149 389 Jandheri Minor 2.47 1.55 202 n.a. 83 83 Jarauda DY 29.31 10.66 1,497 n.a. 614 614 Jarwar Minor 6.36 2.57 341 n.a. 140 140 Jeetpur Minor 4.94 8.07 344 227 141 368 Kadhli Minor 7.06 8.9 1,328 876 544 1,420 Kadipur Minor 5.3 2.47 319 n.a. 131 131 Kamheda Minor 7.42 3.37 457 n.a. 187 187 Katka DY 25.07 9.45 1,141 n.a. 468 468 Khampur Minor 2.83 2.61 128 n.a. 52 52 Khatauli DY 104.88 21.53 2,926 1,932 1,200 3,132 Khurdpur Minor 7.06 4.23 405 n.a. 166 166 Khusropur Minor 8.83 6.19 696 n.a. 285 285 Left DY 116.19 40.86 1402 n.a. 575 575 Left Baseda DY 44.85 17.66 1,768 n.a. 725 725 Left Basunda Feeder Main 20.13 1.28 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Left Muhammadpur DY 127.84 21.1 1,830 n.a. 750 750 Left Sarwat DY 7.42 3.19 419 n.a. 172 172 Libbarhedi Minor 6.36 3.08 289 n.a. n.a. n.a. Lisaura Minor 8.12 3.29 527 401 249 650 Luhari DY 90.05 30.08 5,878 n.a. 2,410 2,410 Majra Minor 2.83 2.04 320 n.a. 131 131 Makhiyali DY 32.14 13.17 1,328 n.a. 544 544 Manglaur Minor 4.94 2.45 236 n.a. n.a. n.a. Mansurpur DY 68.16 20.01 1,920 n.a. 787 787 Meerapur DY 99.94 34.53 3,379 n.a. 1,385 1,385 Mohiuddinpur Minor 2.12 2.5 167 110 68 178 Morna DY 31.08 16.01 2,183 n.a. 895 895 Mubarikpur Minor 7.42 2.48 486 n.a. 199 199 Mustafabad Minor 6.71 3.59 524 n.a. 215 215 Nagla Chadhav Minor 3.18 1.68 273 n.a. 112 112 Naglakabir Minor 4.94 4.49 346 n.a. 142 142 Nagli Minor 16.95 5.67 1,053 695 n.a. 695 Nara Minor 0 1.86 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Naseerpur Minor 2.83 1.35 162 n.a. n.a. n.a. Naula Minor 14.13 5.53 997 n.a. 409 409 Pachenda DY 9.89 7.07 569 n.a. 233 233 Palra Minor 9.89 4.5 644 n.a. 264 264 Phulat Minor 21.9 11.93 1,713 1,131 702 1,833 Pimaura DY 92.88 21.3 2,413 n.a. 989 989 Pur DY 15.89 8.29 1,089 n.a. 446 446 Purkaji Minor 2.47 4.53 162 n.a. 66 66 Right Baseda DY 55.09 25.27 3,102 n.a. 1,272 1,272 Right Jauli DY 229.9 48.78 6,632 4,377 2,219 6,596 Right Muhammadpur DY 383.16 32.41 3,754 n.a. 1,539 1,539 Right Sarwat DY 8.83 3.42 675 n.a. 277 277 Rohana Minor 10.95 4.92 755 n.a. 310 310 Saidpur Minor 6.36 4.03 453 n.a. 186 186 Sarwat DY 42.02 6.38 950 n.a. 389 389 Salarpur DY 205.88 20.26 13,775 9,092 n.a. 9,092 Sambalhera Minor 16.95 9.04 1,491 n.a. 611 611 Shahpur Minor 15.89 7.19 1,598 n.a. 655 655 Sikandarpur Minor 7.06 4.83 276 n.a. 113 113 Sikheda Minor 20.13 12.2 1073 n.a. 440 440 Sindhauli Minor 0 1.8 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Sisona Minor 3.18 1.24 166 n.a. 68 68 Taanshipur Distributary DY 76.99 16.07 2,278 n.a. 934 934 Talara DY 16.95 11.65 1,181 n.a. 484 484 Tewada Minor 8.48 3.04 556 n.a. 228 228 Tikaula Minor 10.24 4.53 1,402 n.a. n.a. n.a. Tissa DY 11.65 5.3 760 n.a. 311 311 Titaura Minor 7.06 4.15 287 189 118 307 Tughlaqpur Minor 3.18 3.39 165 n.a. 68 68 Upper Churiyala DY 42.02 15.52 2,848 1,880 n.a. 1,880 Upper Daurala DY 44.85 13.52 1,391 918 570 1,488 Upper Ganga Canal Main 10,499.91 142.89 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Upper Ganga Canal Main 10,999.96 37.97 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. V.M.Gul Minor 0 1.43 n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. Wazirabad Minor 3.88 1.75 81 n.a. 62 62 Total 26,062.9 1,259.28 220,224 95,838 35,989 131,827
14	Saharanpur district	Canal name Canal type Discharge (in cusec) Length (in km) Culturable area (in hectare) Proposed irrigation area (in hectare) Kharif Rabi Total Ambehta Minor 8.12 4.31 499 n.a. 205 205 Bastam DY 121.13 28.31 4637 n.a. 1,901 1,901 Bhaisani DY 32.84 13.81 2,237 n.a. 917 917 Bhayla Minor 13.07 5.86 849 n.a. 348 348 Deoband Minor 26.84 6.45 897 n.a. 368 368 Devband Canal Branch 875.1 83.57 6,308 n.a. 2,586 2,586 Devband Feeder Main 1,100.05 55.11 5,689 n.a. 2,332 2,332 Dudhli Minor 2.47 2.1 376 n.a. 154 154 Dugchari Minor 2.12 2.6 254 n.a. 104 104 Fulas Minor 2.12 1.68 255 n.a. 105 105 Ghalauli Minor 13.07 7.34 886 n.a. 363 363 Kheda Minor 20.84 5.03 550 n.a. n.a. n.a. Khojnagla Minor 8.83 5.29 568 n.a. 233 233 Kulsath Minor 4.94 2.56 329 n.a. 135 135 Lakhnauta Minor 10.95 4.99 715 n.a. n.a. n.a. Majhaul Minor 14.83 8.42 1,063 n.a. 436 436 Mathura Minor 18.01 9.43 1,184 n.a. 485 485 Patwi Minor 18.01 6.22 1,214 n.a. 498 498 Rankhandi Minor 13.07 7.18 1,251 n.a. 513 513 Right DY 99.94 17.84 2,111 n.a. 865 865 Sakhan Minor 14.83 6.6 1,091 n.a. 447 447 Salauni Minor 8.83 4.47 643 n.a. 264 264 Sanpla Minor 3.88 2.06 246 n.a. 101 101 Sidhauli DY 66.04 20.37 2,849 n.a. 1,168 1,168 Ulheda Minor 7.42 4.83 685 n.a. 281 281 Total 2,507.35 316.43 37,386 n.a. 14,809 14,809

Biodiversity & wetland ecosystem

The Ganges canal was primarily built to manage the flood water and to use it for irrigation purposes, but due to constant slippage of water over the course of time has created wetlands like ecosystem and also have helped to recharge the ground water. A survey conducted by the Wildlife Institute of India over the course of the Ganges canal has found that the canal's water supply over the last 184 years has led the formation of variety of habitats and ecosystems, thus functioning as a man-made river, harbouring multiple species- both flora and fauna, which helped in to the sustainable development goals/biodiversity targets. The survey has recorded 64 species of birds including black-bellied tern, Common pochard, 2 species of crocodiles including gharials, 10 species of turtles including red-crowned roofed turtle, endangered Indian narrow-headed softshell turtle, 3 species of mammals, 82 species of fishes including Tor putitora, vulnerable Wallago attu and 31 species of riparian flora.

In popular culture

• The magnificence of the Solani aqueduct was such in the past, that famed film-director Mehboob Khan chose the location to shoot the song "Nanha Munna Rahi Hun Desh Ka Sipahi Hun" from the film ‘Son of India’ in the year 1962.

Gallery

• 
  The Ganges Canal highlighted in red stretching between its headworks off the Ganges river in Hardwar and its confluence with the Jumna river below Cawnpore (now Kanpur).
• 
  Photograph of an old bridge on the Ganges Canal (constructed before 1854 during East India Company rule in India). The photograph was taken from a moving car.
• 
  The Ganges Canal.
• 
  The same East India Company bridge as in the lead paragraph photographed from the other side.
• 
  A water mill on the canal.
• 
  150-year-old locks on the canal.
• 
  Small Hydroelectric Dam on Ganges Canal at Nagla Kabir UP
• 
  Aquaduct of the Ganges Canal, Boorkee (5711515220)
• 
  Hurdwar (Haridwar). India. May 1878
• 
  Headworks ganges canal haridwar1860
• 
  Photograph (2008) of an East India Company-era (1854) bridge on the Ganges Canal near Roorkee
• 
  Photograph (1860) of the head works of the Ganges Canal in Haridwar, by Samuel Bourne.
• 
  Photograph (2008) of the head works of the Ganges Canal in Haridwar, taken from the opposite side.
• 
  The Ganges Canal (titel op object), RP-F-2001-7-1493
• 
  Water-color painting of the Ganges canal, Roorkee, Saharanpur District, Uttar Pradesh.

Further reading

• Cautley, Proby T. (1860). Report of the Ganges Canal Works from their Commencement Until the Opening of the Canal in 1854. London: Smith, Elder.
• Cautley, Proby T. (1864). Ganges Canal: a disquisition on the heads of the Ganges and Jumna canals, North-Western Provinces, in reply to strictures by Major-General Sir Arthur Cotton. London.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

External links

• History of Irrigation in Uttar Pradesh